Computer Terms for Advanced Users
Computer Terms
Thursday, 13 May 2010 05:33 | 
Written by Michael | 
Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI) : Power control and management system designed to help minimize system power requirements.
Jumper : Conductive device used to complete the circuit between exposed pins and for device configuration.
Power on self-tes (POST) : Series of diagnostic tests that are run during system startup.
Field-replaceable unit (FRU) : A field-replaceable unit is a computer element that can be replaced or upgrade without having to ship the computer back to the manaufacturer. FRU elements include following computer parts such as RAM, Sound card, Video card, NIC and so on.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) : A protocol used almost with TCP/IP networks to provide network devices with a method to monitor and control network devices. It is used to manage configurations,
statistics collection, performance, and security, and to report network management information to a management console that is a member of the same community.
RJ-45 connector : An Ethernet cable connector used with twisted-pair cable, which can support eight conductors for four pairs of wires.
Repeater : A device that regenerates and retransmits the signal on a network. Generally used to strengthen signals going long distances.
IEEE : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.
IEEE 802.1 : Standard that defines the OSI model's physical and data link layers. This standard allows two IEEE LAN stations to communicate over a LAN or wide area network (WAN) and is often referred to as the internetworking standard. It also includes the Spanning Tree Algorithm specifications.
IEEE 802.2 : Standard that defines the LLC sublayer for the entire series of protocols covered by the 802.x standards. This standard specifies the adding of header fields, which tell the receiving host which upper layer sent the information. It also defines specifications for the implementation of the Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer of the data link layer.
IEEE 802.3 : Standard that specifies physical-layer attributes--such as signaling types, data rates, and topologies--and the media-access method used. It also defines specifications for the implementation of the physical layer and the MAC sublayer of the data link layer, using CSMA/CD. This standard also includes the original specifications for Fast Ethernet.
IEEE 802.4 : Standard that defines how production machines should communicate and establishes a common protocol for use in connecting these machines. It also defines specifications for the implementation of the physical layer and the MAC sublayer of the data link layer using Token Ring access over a bus topology.
IEEE 802.5 : Standard often used to define Token Ring. However, it does not specify a particular topology or transmission medium. It provides specifications for the implementation of the physical layer and the MAC sublayer of the data link layer using a token-passing media-access method over a ring topology.
IEEE 802.6 : Standard that defines the distributed queue dual bus (DQDB) technology to transfer high-speed data between nodes. It provides specifications for the implementation of metropolitan area network(MANs).
IEEE 802.7 : Standard that defines the design, installation, and testing of broadband-based communications and related physical media connectivity.
IEEE 802.8 : Standard that defines a group of people who advise the other 802-standard committees on various fiber-optic technologies and standards. This advisory group is called the Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group.
IEEE 802.9 : Standard that defines the integration of voice and data transmissions using isochronous Ethernet (IsoEnet).
IEEE 802.10 : Another Cisco proprietary protocol, used primarily to transport VLAN information over Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI). You will find this protocol primarily used in FDDI backbones to transport VLAN information and data.
IEEE 802.11 : Standard that defines the implementation of wireless technologies, such as infrared and spread-spectrum radio.
IEEE 802.12 : Standard that defines 100BaseVG/AnyLAN, which uses a 1000Mbps signaling rate and a special media-access method allowing 100Mbps data traffic over voice-grade cable.
IEEE 802.13 : The IEEE 802.1Q standard protocol for inserting a frame tag VLAN identifier in the frame header. As a frame enters the switch fabric, it is tagged with additional information regarding the VLAN properties. The tag remains in the frame as it is forwarded between switches and is removed prior to exiting the access link to the destination interface. This process is completely transparent to the end user.
Telnet : Standard terminal-emulation protocol in the TCP/IP protocol stack. It is used to perform terminal emulation over TCP/IP via remote terminal connections, enabling users to log in to remote systems and use resources as if they were connected to a local system.
Subnetting : The process of dividing your assigned IP address range into smaller clusters of hosts.
Resource node : An interface on the network that provides a service for a demand node. Resource nodes can be such items as servers and printers. Incorrect placement of your resource networks can have terrible effects on your network.
Point-To-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) : A protocol that encapsulates private network data in IP packets. These packets are transmitted over synchronous and asynchronous circuits to hide the underlying routing and switching infrastructure of the Internet from both senders and receivers.
Last Updated (Thursday, 13 January 2011 02:04)
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